Agro Perspectiva

China: manufacture of grain per capita - a question of a life and death

23.03.2007 12:20 "Agro Perspectiva" (Kyiv) — Summing up the last year, in Pekin especially are proud of that for the first time for last 20 years manufacture of grain in the Peoples Republic of China a third year increases successively. About 105 million in hectares with rice, wheat, corn and a soya in 2006 it is collected 490 million t grains. On average productivity more than 46 µ/hectares Celestial nowadays concede only Spain. Gathering of grain grow not because of expansion of areas under crops, and owing to increase of productivity from use of high-quality seeds and mineral fertilizers, informs «ChinaPRO». Manufacture of grain per capita — really a question of a life and death for the country which should support 22 % of inhabitants of a planet, having only 7 % of a world(global) arable land. In the USA, for example, swings open twice more grounds, than in China, whereas people there one quarter. The word «population» is not casual is designated in the Chinese language two hieroglyphs — «zhen» (person) and «kou» — (mouth). In fact in Celestial number of eaters — the main aspect of a demographic problem. In 50th years the population of the Peoples Republic of China made 600 million person. Nowadays it has passed for 1300 million and to the middle of XXI century 1,5 billion will reach(achieve) In 1985 Chinese khleboroby for the first time in history have to satiety fed all country. They have collected 400 million t grains on 1 billion inhabitants — on 400 kg per capita. The biggest jerk in the decision of a food problem has been made for the first 5 years of reforms when instead of uravnilovki national communes the system of a family contract on using the ground has been entered. Owing to an intensification of work gathering of grain have increased with 290 up to 400 million t. However if the first stomillionnyj jerk Chinese khleboroby have made for 5 years, on the second (with 400 up to 500 million) has not sufficed and 20. In fact that at the present population to provide on 400 kg of grain on the person, it(him) it is necessary 520 million t, and in 2006 as it was mentioned, have collected only 490 million There is a question, whether can support in the long term China itself? If in 2050 in Celestial there will be 1,5 billion «chelovekortov» at calculation on 400 kg of grain on his soul 600 million t is required. There is a hope that in XXI century Celestial will live " not rice uniform ". In 2006 in China it is made almost 80 million t meat, 29 million t eggs, 33 million t dairy products, 53 million t fishes and seafoods. For years of reforms consumption of meat and eggs in the Peoples Republic of China has exceeded srednemirovoj a level. However because of shortage of pastures develops basically svinovodstvo and poultry farming. Therefore Chineses lag behind the developed countries on consumption of milk. But they alongside with Japanese are in the lead on a fish and seafoods. An environment Celestial favour to development of fishery and akvakultury on a coastal shelf and in internal reservoirs. In a word, at the increased consumption of meat, eggs, fishes, seafoods and a traditional abundance of vegetables for a year will suffice the average Chinese on 350 kg of grain. So, its(his) manufacture needs to be finished up to 525 million t. And if to recollect, that from the beginning of reforms China has managed to increase annual gathering with 290 up to 490 million, at available reserves (virgin lands of Northern and Northeast China, development of an irrigation in pool of Huang He due to perebroski waters from Yangtze) such figure by 2050 is quite achievable.